(Proper nouns such as name of a person, titles, name of a book, feudal state, and places will be included as Chinese in order to keep the correct reference. A brief note to explain may be followed immediately. Since I do not have the reference book on standardized Pinyin, I have no choice but to use the phonetic either from the computer or from other sources.)
孔子的远祖 The Distant Ancestors of Confucius
从来，中国人自称为炎黄子孙。其实，我们孔子的后人，是实实在在的黄帝子孙。据《史记》记载，黄帝的儿子是玄嚣，孙子是蟜极，曾孙是帝喾，玄孙是契，（他便是商朝成汤的远祖）。以后的直系一脉是昭明，相土，昌若，曹圉，子冥，子振。子微，报丁，报乙，报丙，主壬，主癸，天乙(他便是成汤，商朝的开国天子)，太丁，太甲，太庚，太戊，河亶甲，祖乙，祖辛，祖丁，小乙，武丁，祖甲，庚丁，武乙，太丁，帝乙，微子，仲，宋公稽，丁公申，愍公熙，弗父何，宋公周，世子胜，正考父，孔父嘉，木金父，祈父，防叔，伯夏，叔梁纥，孔子。由此看来，我们不但是圣人之后，更是真正的炎黄子孙。( 炎帝便是神农氏，黄帝是轩辕氏) 。
Chinese would like to declare that we are descendants of chieftains Yan and Wong （炎黄子孙）. We, the descents of Confucius, are truly the descendants of Yan and Wong too. Per the writing in History Archive (《史记》, a book being considered as the most authority history writing in China) Yuen Hiu (玄嚣) was the son of Chieftain Wong；Kiu Gik (蟜极) his grandson, Dai Go（帝喾）his great grandson, Kai (契) his great-great grandson and also the distant ancestor of Sing Tong (成汤) alias Tin Yuet (天乙), the Emperor of the Shang Dynasty (商朝). ( From here on, please referred to names listed above until Suk Liang Yut (叔梁纥), father of Confucius.) From this long listing, it shows that we are not only descendants of an outstanding ‘holy’ person, but also the real great grand children of Emperor Wong, the ancient chieftain.
(Chieftain Yan is San Nong Si , literary known as the Supreme Lord of Herbs/ Agriculture（神农氏）; Chieftain Wong is Hin Yuen Si（轩辕氏）, or as Emperor Wong（黄帝）, the first emperor of China. To the Chinese history, Chieftain Wong was the first emperor; to the Westerners, Chun Chi Wong (秦始皇) was the “First” emperor, due to the wrong interpretation and translation at the beginning. Chun Chi Wong, a ruler about 2500 years after Chieftain Wong, was the first emperor of the Chun Dynasty only (秦朝). Since he declared as the Chi Wong, which also means the starting emperor, therefore, it was taken as the first emperor of China, without thoroughly understanding the Chinese history.
(Legendarily, Emperor Wong was the ruler inherited the position peacefully after Chieftain Yan. However, it was also said that Emperor Wong defeated Yan and replaced him. Since it is an event happened in the pre-historical time, it should be a research study of scholars of that subject. Generally it is believed that Yan was the chieftain of a primitive tribe in Qufu (曲阜), but Wong Dai started the Chinese civilization, such as music, cultivation, transportations vehicles – boats and carriages, the famous compassed chariot, and houses.
在外国，秦始皇被认为是中国的第一个皇帝。因为他的名号为始皇，此是初期中英直译所误。真实上，秦始皇是比黄帝后 2500年的君国。在此加注脚，以防在外国长大的子孙误传。更希望他们向外籍人士更正。
传说上，黄帝是打败炎帝后成为君王。也有说黄帝是继炎帝后为君王，黄帝打败的是蚩尤。因为是传说，留给古史专家考正。不过，炎帝是比较原始的部落酋长，聚居在曲阜。黄帝是开始中国文明的人，如音乐，耕种，舟车 (指南车) 和宫室 (从前称房舍为宫室，与今不同)。)
孔子的先世是出自小王室。商纣王的同父异母哥哥--- 微子启，他便是孔子的远祖。（商朝自仲丁迁都到嚣后，改称为殷朝。箕子、微子、比干称为殷末的“三仁”）。西周初年，微子受封于宋国，建都于商丘。五传至弗父何，礼让国君的地位给他的弟弟宋厉公，自为宋国大夫（《孔子家语》）。弗父何即孔子的十世祖。从此，厉公一系便世代掌握宋国君权，维系着世袭统治；弗父何一系，成为宋国辅政的公侯贵族，保持着宋国高水平的文化素养。自此，我们的远祖便由国君诸候，变成为贵族。弗父何以后，再三传为正考父。正考父知书识礼，以谦厚知名。他熟悉商代文献，曾校阅过“商之名颂” 于周太史氏。他受君王的委任，谦恭有礼，不与人争。但他的儿子孔父嘉，情况则大为不同。孔父嘉任大司马时（有如现代的国防部长），穷兵耀武，“十年而十一战”，民怨沸腾。他的政敌太宰看上他年轻美貌的妻子，与他相遇，“目逆而送之，曰："美丽艷”（《左传》桓公二年）。太宰督假公济私，利用国人的不满情绪，发动政变，杀了孔父嘉。太宰督娶了他 (孔父嘉) 的妻子，放逐他的儿子，孔子的祖先便结束了世袭为大夫的贵族生涯，一落千丈，沦为平民。孔父嘉的儿子木金父逃难到鲁国，居住于曲阜东昌平乡之陬邑。子孙改姓孔氏，变成鲁国人。心有余悸的孔氏子孙，隐姓埋名，一连四代，全部都没有名望，一直到孔子父亲叔梁纥，才稍有事迹见载于史册。
The Ancestor of Confucius was originated from a minor royal family. Mei Ji Kai（微子启），an older brother from a different mother of Emperor Jau of Shang Dynasty (商朝纣王) was the immediate distant ancestor. （Since after the moving of the capital to Hiu (嚣) by Emperor Jung Ding ( 仲丁 ), Shang Dynasty (商朝) changed the name of the country to Yan Dynasty (殷朝). Gai ji (箕子), Mei ji and Bei Gon (比干 ), these three brothers were known as the Gracious Three (三仁).） At the beginning of the Jau Dynasty (周朝) also known as the Western Jau (西周), Mei Ji was installed as Duke of Sung (宋国) , a state with the capital in Shang Yau (商丘). Five generations later, Faat Fu Hoh (弗父何 ) renounced his title in favor of his younger brother, Lord Lai , Duke of Sung (宋厉公 ) but retaining the position as a ranking official in the dukedom. ( Per The Dialogue of the Confucius Family （《孔子家语》）, a book written during the Three Kingdoms Period by a scholar called Huang Suk (王肃), who wrote and claimed the book was based upon family notes from one of his students, Kung Meng（孔猛）, the 22nd generation descendant of Confucius. This book is very informative summarizing a lot of important writings by various authors, but the honesty of its origin as ‘the family notes’ was questioned all the time.) Faat Fu Hoh was the ancestor ten generations prior to Confucius. From that time on, Lord Lai branch inherited the power of the lordship of Sung state, and the title was handed down from generation to generation; the Faat Fu Hoh branch became the noble ranking official but keeping the high level of cultural and moral standards. From that time on, our distant ancestors changed from a sovereignty ruler to a noble. The third generation after Faat Fu Hoh was Jing Hau Fu (正考父 ) , a well-educated and humble person. He was familiar with documents of the Shang Dynasty. He prove-read the “ Psalm of the Shang Dynasty” (商之名颂) under the Grand Historian of the Jau Dynasty (周太史氏). Even after being commissioned by the ruler, Jing Hau Fu was still polite and humble, having no conflicts with others. But his son, Kong Fu Ga (孔父嘉 ) was completely different. When he was the Minister of Military, Kong Fu Ga favored wars, declaring military might, with a record of 11 wars by ten years. Complains from the countryman were boiling. His political enemy, the Prime minister, had an eye on his young and pretty wife. Per the notation in the chapter of the second year of Lord Woon in the Book of Joh (《左传》桓公二年), the Prime Minister met Kong Fu Ga on the way; with an evil look, the Prime minister said, ‘pretty and charming’. Prime Minister Dok (太宰督) using the uprising complains of the country and also for his personal benefit, started a political rebellion and assassinated Kong Fu Ga. Prime Minister Dok married the wife of Kong Fu Ga and exiled his son. The ancestor of Confucius was not only finished his nobility status as a ranking officer but also demoted as a common person. Muk Gam Fu (木金父), son of Kong Fu Ga found refuge in Lo, living in Chui Town (陬邑) of the East Cheung Ping County (东昌平乡) of Qufu (曲阜). His descendants changed their identifications, and as citizens of Lo. Retaining a phobic of to be killed, they hided for four generations without any traceable record. It was up to the time of Suk Liang Nat (叔梁纥), there were then some records observable in the history.
